It will take months — or even years — to produce enough vaccine doses for everyone. Viet Nam has identified 11 priority groups, including health care workers, customs officers, diplomatic personnel, soldiers, police officers and teachers, who will be eligible to receive the first vaccines.
It is important that teachers, child protection workers and other workers who provide essential services for children be prioritized to receive the COVID vaccine, after frontline health care workers and high-risk populations.
That means it is important to continue taking other precautions to protect you, your family and your community, including practicing physical distancing, regular handwashing and wearing masks. Under the COVAX plan, the initial doses of vaccines sent to countries are intended for health workers, social care workers and people at high risk of severe illness from the virus, such as the elderly or those with underlying conditions, and are unlikely to be given to children.
These populations have been prioritized to help reduce morbidity from COVID and to help protect health systems that serve everyone.
It is important, however, to make sure that your child is continuing to receive routine childhood vaccinations. Read about how to do so safely. Vaccines work by mimicking an infectious agent — viruses, bacteria or other microorganisms that can cause a disease. Traditionally, vaccines introduce a weakened form of an infectious agent that allows our immune system to build a memory of it.
This way, our immune system can quickly recognize and fight it before it makes us ill. Instead of introducing the antigen a substance that causes your immune system to produce antibodies , RNA and DNA vaccines give our body the genetic code it needs to allow our immune system to produce the antigen itself. Subunit, recombinant, polysaccharide, and conjugate vaccines use specific pieces of the germ—like its protein, sugar, or capsid a casing around the germ.
They can also be used on almost everyone who needs them, including people with weakened immune systems and long-term health problems. One limitation of these vaccines is that you may need booster shots to get ongoing protection against diseases. Toxoid vaccines use a toxin harmful product made by the germ that causes a disease. They create immunity to the parts of the germ that cause a disease instead of the germ itself.
That means the immune response is targeted to the toxin instead of the whole germ. Like some other types of vaccines, you may need booster shots to get ongoing protection against diseases. For decades, scientists studied viral vector vaccines. Some vaccines recently used for Ebola outbreaks have used viral vector technology, and a number of studies have focused on viral vector vaccines against other infectious diseases such as Zika, flu, and HIV.
Viral vector vaccines use a modified version of a different virus as a vector to deliver protection. Several different viruses have been used as vectors, including influenza, vesicular stomatitis virus VSV , measles virus, and adenovirus, which causes the common cold. Adenovirus is one of the viral vectors used in some COVID vaccines being studied in clinical trials.
Viral vector vaccines are used to protect against:. Skip to main content. How do vaccines work? The Covid vaccines that are currently the most advanced are using four different approaches: viral vector RNA 'whole' virus protein subunit. This triggers an immune response, priming our immune system to attack the real virus later.
RNA vaccines Messenger RNA is a sequence of genetic code which our bodies use all the time — it tells our cells what proteins to build so they can function. How do the different Covid vaccines compare? Are they suitable for people who are immunocompromised? How many doses are required? How are they stored? How can we make sure that Covid vaccines are accessible to everyone? This explainer was first published on 8 December Related content. Explainer How well do first and second vaccine doses work against Covid?
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