It contains potassium hydroxide as a promoter, added to it to increase its efficiency. Usually, this process takes place under high temperature and pressure. Since the operating temperature is very low, the reaction rate can be increased by using the catalyst, which consists of finely divided the iron-containing molybdenum either as iron oxide or as a promoter.
A few key points are listed below. Almost, uranium was easier and effective to obtain than osmium. The original Haber process reaction chambers used osmium as the catalyst, but it was available in extremely small quantities. After extensive research, a much less expensive iron-based catalyst was discovered. Ammonia is useful in many areas.
A few uses of ammonia are as follows. Ammonia is one of the main components in making fertilizers. It can also be used in air-conditioning units in buildings, and large-scale refrigeration plants. It can be used in manufacturing particular drugs such as antimalarials, sulfonamide, and also vitamins, including nicotinamide and thiamine. Ammonia can also be used in different cleaning products and acts as an effective cleaning agent. Iron can be used in the Haber process as a low-cost catalyst.
Also, it allows an acceptable time to reach a reasonable yield. Start Now. Concept: Haber's process: This process is used in large scale preparations of ammonia. The process is exothermic in nature means heat is produced in the process. According to the Le-chateliar principle, the temperature is kept high to speed up the process. The gaseous ammonia produced is converted to liquid ammonia to remove the products formed.
This drives the reaction forward. Catalysts and promoters are also used to speed up the process and increase yield. Explanation: The role of a catalyst - The role of a catalyst i n a reaction is to lower the activation energy of the reactants.
Lowering the activation energy increases the rate of the reaction. The reaction now proceeds via a low energy path.
It increases the rate of reaction between nitrogen and hydrogen. Finely divided solid Fe provides a surface for the reaction to occur. Gases nitrogen and hydrogen get adsorbed on the catalyst surface , a reaction occurs, and then the products diffuse out. Additional Information Molybdenum is used as a promoter to increase the efficiency of the catalyst. Get Started for Free Download App. The Contact process is one of the stages involved in the manufacture of sulfuric acid. Sulfur dioxide reacts with oxygen to make sulfur trioxide:.
This means it moves to the left in the Contact process. You might think that a low temperature is chosen, moving the equilibrium position to the right and making more sulfur trioxide. This means it moves to the right in the Contact process. You might think that a very high pressure is chosen to move the equilibrium position to the right, making more sulfur trioxide.
However, the equilibrium position is already far to the right in this reaction. There is no need for a high pressure, so a pressure of two atmospheres is used. This is just enough to push the reacting gases through the reactor. Vanadium V oxide, V 2 O 5 , is the catalyst used in the Contact process. Haber process and Contact process - Higher The reaction conditions used are chosen to obtain an acceptable yield of product in an acceptable time.
This is: low enough to achieve an acceptable yield high enough to do this in an acceptable time Controlling pressure If the pressure is increased, the equilibrium position moves in the direction of the fewest molecules of gas.
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